Brake shoe lining for de-icing brake surfaces



July 26, 1955 c. 1 EKsl-:RGIAN ETAL 2,713,923

BRAKE: SHOE LINING FOR DR-ICING BRAKE sURFAcEs Filed Dec. 8, 1952 /10 L .n ,f i l j i9 *3f Y Je i i i O 44 15 y ZZ @E 7 l 1 O Hei *5 @o 21 j 23 i@ 12V i8 2O i 3i l O 402 3o 35 INVENTORS 37 'g wm- M [am ann %E\\ BY Carolus L. Eksergian I 6 I I ATTORNEY United States `Patent O BRAKE SHOE LINING FOR DE-ICING' BRAKE SURFACES Carolus L. Eksergian, Media, Pa., and William Mann, Grosse Pointe, Mich., assignors to The Budd Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application December 8, 1952, Serial No. 324,716 7 Claims. (Cl. 18S-251) This invention relates to brake shoe linings, particularly to linings which remove ice lm from the brake surfaces to maintain good braking conditions at all times and has for an object the provision of improvements in this art.

The invention has beenrdeveloped and practiced with disk o r radial type railway brakes and will be'described in this connection, though without limitation thereby.

The brake shoe assembly with which the present invention is identified is shown in the patent to Eksergian et al., 2,451,326, and Gaenssle, 2,451,329. The lining for the shoes is disclosed in the patent to Schumacher, 2,431,774, the same comprising spaced end and intermediate pads, the end pads being of woven composition material with greater yieldability and scouring action and an intermediate pad of molded composition material of lesser yieldability and scouring action.

Such a segmented lining has been found to give excellent service under all normal conditions; but under conditions where ice formsy on the brake disk the lining does not remove it quickly enough to provide the immediate brake application which is desired and essential for safety.

Heretofore, it has been proposed to intersperse lined inserts of abrasive material in the brake linings and, while this served to eliminate the ice film satisfactorily, it wore the brake disk more rapidly than desired.

According to the present invention, there are provided terminal lining elements which are adequate for immediately removing the ice film for either direction of movement but which do not have undue abrasive action on the brake surface. A bronze metal insert in one of the end segments has been found to give good results and long service. The metal element is preferably backed by a resilient cushion and is formed with a grid surface to prevent accumulation of dirt.

One embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is atopplan v iewof a portion of a railway truck to which brakes made according to the present invention are applied;

Fig. 2 is an elevation of a single brake shoe unit having several lining segments and including ice removing elements embodying the present invention; and

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1 the general organization is shown to include a truck frame supported by a wheel and axle unit comprising an axle 12, wheels 13, and disk-like brake rotors 14. There is a brake rotor or disk 14 associated with each wheel and both wheels and rotor disks are rigid with and rotate with the axle.

Adjacent each side or braking surface of each disk 14 there is disposed a segmental brake shoe 15 operated by a lever 16 associated with an actuating cylinder 17 carried by a transversely extending brake support member 18 having its ends supported from the ends of the wheel-axle assembly, as by arms 19, and having its intermediate portion supported, as by a connection 20, from the truck frame transom 21, all as more fully explained in Patent 2,413,614.

For convenience, the shoes 15 are each demountably CII secured to a flat-faced mounting member 22 which is suitably carried by the end of a lever 16, as shown in Patent 2,402,386. A readily detachable connection 23 may be used to hold the shoe in place on the mounting, as disclosed in Patent 2,504,712.

The shoe proper may comprise a rigid metal backing plate 24 seated against the at face on the mounting member 22 and held in place thereon by the engagement of an angularly extending end portion 25 on the backing plate seated on a widened end portion of the mounting member 22 and secured in place for easy removability by the detachable connection 23 referred to above. The main body of the backing plate which is seated against the at face of the mounting member 22 is of arcuate segmental form and the brake lining is removablymounted on the at side of said plate opposite its side seated on the mounting member.

As disclosed and claimed in Patent No. 2,451,326, the removable lining comprises a plurality of circumferentially and radially spaced individual composition lining pads or blocks 26, shown in this instance to be six'in number, arranged in radial pairs along two arcuate lines of diilerent radii. For convenience of manufacture and assembly, these blocks are all mounted on a unitary sheet metal stamping 27 which is divided by exible radial connecting portions 28 and flexible circumferential connecting portions 29 into six pan-like sections corresponding to the number of lining blocks 26, and one of the lining blocks is secured, as by cementing or riveting, to the bottom of each of said sections. In the drawings, the end blocks are shown as being cemented and the intermediate blocks are shown as being riveted, but the manner of fastening these usual brake shoe linings is immaterial insofar as the present invention is concerned.

The pan-like recesses in the linings 27 opposite the lining blocks form shallow recesses which receive rubber pads 29. VThe linings 27 are secured to the backing plate 24 by posts or studs 30 which are secured to the plate and pass through the stamping, the plate being retained and the rubber pad being held in compression by wires 31 threaded through holes in the posts. This arrangement provides for the blocks to follow the movements of the surface of the brake disk and equalize pressure.

The assembly thus far described conforms to existing practice. According to the present invention, the end blocks of usual brake lining are foreshortened from their outer ends for about half their circumferential length and there is substituted for the missing portions metal' grid block elements 35 of a metal which is softer than A that forming the brake disk. The metal block elements are backed by lining elements 36 of a woven composition material like that of the end lining blocks for added resilience. The metal block elements are secured to the linings 27 by screws 37 entered from the back.

The metal grid block elements are formed of a metal which is hard enough to remove the ice film, yet soft enough to avoid undue wear on the brake disk. Bronze has been found to be suitable for this purpose. By Way of example, one alloy which has been found to be satisfactory has the following composition:

Mln., Max., Percent Percent 3 This is 'identified 'as 64. From tests it appears that friction builds up more rapidly after 'the 'i'ce is shaved off if the lead is somewhat scattered insteadof being. completely lhomogeneously dispersed throughout the body of the alloy. v

It has also been found that the grid jblocks are kept cleaner withless tendency forthe slots to ice up if,v the slots arev made about SAG Wide. l i

In .service the 'metal grid blocksv appear Jto wear back faster than the associated composition lining blocks so as to come intoeaction with heavier braking pressures, leaving. the regular lining to have its usual eiect for Vnormal pressure applications.

' scope ofthe invention.V

Whatis Vclaimed is: Y

' 1. A brake shoe assembly comprising a backing, mem-V ber --and a plurality of spaced-apart brake lining seg- 'mentsV secured in circumferential alignmentk `to said backing member, intermediate segments beingformed of composition material, and terminal elements being formed of a metal softer than iron, such for example as bronze,

having a grid wearing surface formed -by intersecting grooves. Y i Y `2. Av brake shoe assembly comprising a backing member and a plurality of spaced-apart brake lining segments secured in circumferential alignment to said' backing member, intermediate segmentsV being formed of composition material, and terminal elements being formed of a metal softer than iron, such for example as bronze, having a grid Wearing surface formed by intersecting grooves, said grooves being about wide for the purposes set forth. v

3. A brake shoe assembly comprising abacking membela'nd a plurality of spaced-apart brake lining Asegments secured in circumferential alignment to saidl backing member, intermediate segments being formed of molded composition material, 4adjacent segments being formed of 'woven composition material, and end segments being formed of a metal softer than iron having a grid Wearing surface formed by intersecting grooves. Y

4. A brake shoe assembly comprisinga backing member and a plurality of spaced-apart brake lining segments r secured in circumferential alignmentA to said backing member, intermediate segments being formed of a-vmolded 4 l Y e composition material, adjacent segments being formed of vvi/oven composition material, and end elements being formed of a metal softer'than iron and having a gridded wearing surface, and a resilient backing layer disposed between said backingV member and said liningsegments.

5. A brake shoe assembly comprising aV backing memberand a plurality of spaced-apart brake lining 'segments secured in circumferential alignment to said backing member, lintermediate `segments being formed of molded composition material, adjacent segments being formed of woven composition material, and end segments being` formed of a metalsofter than iron, such for example as that known as SAE 64 bronze, said end segments having a grid Wearing surface, afnd a resilient backing layer of lwoven compositionV material disposed between saidbackk ing 'member and said n'etal 'end segments.

6. A brake assembly Ycomprising fin Yeoinbination with a rotary cast iron brake disk, brake shoes for' acting' on said disk, eachbrake shoe comprising a backing member and a plurality of spaceclapart brake lining segments fsecured in circumferential alignment to said backing mem'- ber, intermediate segments' Ybeing formed of molded coniposition material, adjacent segments being formed of woven composition material, Yand end segments being formed of 'a 'rnetal softer thaniron, such for example as bronze, having a grid wearing Ysurface formed by inter secting grooves, and a resilient backing layer between said backing member and-said segments.

7i VA brake assembly comprising 1n combination 'with' a rotary cast liron brake disk, brake shoes for acting'lon said disk, each brake shoe comprising a `backing member and Va plurality of `spaced-apart brake lining segments secured .in circumferential alignment to said backing memL ber, intermediate segments being formed of moldedcomposition material, adjacent segments being formed of woven 'composition material, and end segments being',

formed of a lmetal softer than iron, such for example as bronze, having a grid wearing surface formed by intersecting grooves, andra resilient backing layer .between said backing member and said segments, the intersecting grid grooves being arranged respectively in radial and circum-V ferential directions. Y Y

References Cited 'in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

